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Keywords:
oocyte; granulosa cell; cumulus-oocyte-complex; oxygen diffusion; mathematical modelling
oocyte; granulosa cell; cumulus-oocyte-complex; oxygen diffusion; mathematical modelling
Summary:
A mathematical model is presented to analyse the transport of oxygen to the oocyte through the known oxygen environment of the cumulus cells of the cumulus-oocyte complex (COC). The viability and development of the competent oocyte mainly depends on the adequate supply of molecular oxygen from the microenvironmental tissues. For the analysis of oxygen transport from the external environment, different concentric biological layers of the oocyte have been considered, such as the follicular fluid, cumulus cell mass, zona pellucida, and oocyte membrane. Steady-state diffusion of oxygen within the oocyte, which is considered a spherical cell, is assumed for modelling. The governing equation consists of steady-state mass diffusion of oxygen with a nonlinear consumption term. Using the Maclaurin series approach, an analytical model of the oxygen concentration at different locations around the oocyte is obtained, assuming that the surrounding fluid is maintained at a constant oxygen concentration. The proposed mathematical model predicts steep radial oxygen gradients and the possible formation of hypoxia at the centre of the oocyte. Furthermore, the proposed model is validated with the available physiological observations reported in the literature and a good agreement between theoretical predictions with the data is observed. These findings may have important implications for assisted reproductive technologies such as IVM and also might enhance the oocyte maturation outcomes.
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